host based computing
The classic scenario in information technology was host-based computing. This constellation dates back to the 1960s and used dumb terminals, i.e. non-intelligent terminals that communicated with one or more hosts.
Since the terminals themselves had no inherent intelligence that could be used by the user for program execution or calculations, all programs ran on the hosts.
The terminals could only run one program at a time. These ran under multitasking on one processor with division of labor and had to share memory.
As host-based computing encountered bottlenecks, it was later superseded by client- server architectures, which were later followed by grid computing, utility computing and cloud computing.