picture format
The image format expresses itself in the aspect ratio and the image display. In general, a distinction is made between the aspect ratios of computers and personal computers, as well as television and cinema.
In the case of PC image formats, a standard aspect ratio of 4:3 (1.33:1) can be assumed for the ratio of image height to image width. In addition, the 16:10 format, which is optimized for the human field of vision, is becoming increasingly popular for monitors. There is also the 5:4 format and various formats for special monitors.
In television, there are two standard screen formats, the 4:3 and the widescreen 16:9 (1.78:1). Movies with other aspect ratios are displayed on these two screen formats.
Motion pictures are displayed in different aspect ratios: widescreen with aspect ratios of 1.85:1 (Europe) and 1.66:1 (USA), Panavision and Cinemascope as widescreen with 2.35:1, Academy format with 1.37:1 and Super 16 with 1.66:1.
Since theatrical films have a different aspect ratio from television, they must be adapted to the screen format. For this purpose there is the letterbox, the pan-and-scan and the anamorphical widescreen. With these adjustments, the display on the TV screen is either compressed or has black bars on the sides or at the top and bottom.