Closed Loop
The term closed loop is used, among other things, in the linking ofweb pages. These are internal links that are mutually linked to their own web pages from the same website in a kind of closed linking.
Closed loops are cross linking from one web page to other web pages of the same domain and from these back to the outgoing web page. Closed loops serve to increase the number of page views per visit, as this increases the number of visitors to the linked websites.
Improper and excessive closed loops are recognized by search engines and are evaluated adversely in the search engine ranking.