twisted pair (TP)
Twisted pair(TP) cable is a symmetrical copper cable consisting of two cores twisted together.
The conductors consist of copper conductors with insulation surrounding them. Unlike unbalanced cables, such as coaxial cables, balanced cables operate without reference potential. The advantage of this design is that due to the conductor stranding, interference signals on both conductors are of equal strength.
A symmetrical cable system is theoretically insensitive to interference due to its symmetry, since interspersed interference is compensated for and the receiver only receives the interference signal difference of one pair of lines. A uniform, symmetrical design with low tolerances for characteristic impedance, inductances and capacitances ensures high longitudinal homogeneity.
TP cables are available in shielded and unshielded versions as STP cables, UTP cables and as star quad, as well as in the variants Screened Unshielded Twisted Pair (S/UTP), Screened Shielded Twisted Pair (S/STP), Foiled Twisted Pair( FTP), Screened Foiled Twisted Pair (S/FTP) and Foiled Twisted Pair (F/FTP).