automotive open system architecture (automotive) (AUTOSAR)
AUTOSAR (Automotive Open System Architecture) is an open system architecture for automotive technology. The activities launched by an initiative aim to reduce the high integration effort caused by the many operating systems, embedded software, microcontrollers, hardware and software components.
In this way, Autosar aims to counteract the problem of different, mostly even proprietary solutions and thus reduce the development effort. For this approach, Autosar provides a uniform cross-manufacturer system platform.
The concept of the Autosar initiative is based on modular components, which means that existing and new components can be reused. In Autosar, all components of an ECU have been abstracted and divided into application software, basic software and hardware layers. Many Electronic Control Units(ECU) that use automotive Ethernet or are IP-enabled are based on Autosar with integrated Data Distribution Service( DDS), MQTT protocol or SOME/IP. These middleware protocols are part of the transport layer on which the TCP protocol and the UDP protocol reside. The Autosar Runtime Environment( RTE) is located on the Autosar layer, via which the application layer is connected.
As a de facto standard, Autosar covers the six functional domains of a motor vehicle, namely those for the powertrain, chassis, safety, telematics, human-machine interaction( HMI), body and comfort. The architectures of the software and hardware components developed for this purpose are to be standardized so that they become interchangeable. The standardization of new bus systems and the disclosure of interfaces are further aspects of Autosar. So are product lifecycle management( PLM) and the safety requirements for electronics or software updates.