high concentration photovoltaics (HCPV)
High Concentration Photovoltaics (HCPV) is the CPV technology, Concentrated Photovoltaics, with the highest efficiency. All CPV variants - Low-CPV, Medium-CPV and High-CPV - increase their efficiency by concentrating sunlight to a greater or lesser extent using Fresnel lenses or mirrors.
Low-CPV ( LCPV) solar cells have the lowest sunlight concentration of the various CPV processes. It ranges from two to one hundred times. For Medium-CPV solar cells, it is between one hundred and three hundred times, and for High Concentration Photovoltaics, the light concentration reaches one thousand times or more. This high concentration causes the solar cells to receive and convert much more light, increasing their efficiency.
At the same time, however, they also generate heat that must be dissipated to counteract destruction due to overheating. Therefore, in order not to reduce the efficiency of HCPV solar cells through active cooling, heat dissipation must be passive. The efficiency of HCPV solar cells is over 40 %. These values are achieved by multilayer solar cells in which each individual layer absorbs specific wavelengths of light.
Such high-energy photovoltaic systems are optimized by the biaxial tracking of the solar modules in the axial and horizontal directions, so that they always absorb the maximum amount of sunlight.