electronics
Electronics deals with the behavior of electrons in non-conducting, semiconducting and conducting materials, in liquids, gases and in vacuum, and the implementation of the resulting physical effects.
Electronics is an expansively growing field of knowledge that has found its way into many areas of daily life. It deals with physical phenomena adapted in analog and digital electronic devices, electronic circuits and components incorporated in machines, equipment, consumer goods, computers or consumer electronics products.
A breakdown could be based on component development and related technologies such as vacuum tube technology, discrete semiconductor devices, and integrated circuits. If we consider only the field of electronic components, then three additional electronic directions have formed for this alone: microelectronics, nanoelectronics and power electronics. A further technological breakdown reveals plastic electronics based on plastics, also known as polymer electronics or polytronics, and in combination with mechanics, mechatronics.
As far as the application areas of electronics are concerned, there is hardly a device in which electronic circuits do not take over control and regulating functions, generate acoustic or optical signals, perform monitoring functions or process and output signals. This starts with children's toys, continues with household, consumer and consumer electronics, computers, laptops and cell phones, the transmission and reception of signals, the control and monitoring of systems and equipment, and extends to medical, optoelectronic and automotive electronics.