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chip

  1. Chips or dice are semiconductor devices that consist of the base material for the integrated circuit( IC) located on them. The base material is usually high-purity silicon, and the chip material is doped with foreign atoms to give it semiconductor properties. The chip is only a few millimeters in size and, together with many other chips, forms a chip array on a silicon wafer. During chip production, the integrated circuit, i.e. the chip, is cut out of the array after initial testing by means of dicing, bonded and cast into a protective housing.
    Wafer with chips

    Wafer with chips

  2. Inmobile communications, including UMTS, the term chip is used for the smallest unit of information. The number of chips transmitted is reflected in the chip rate.
  3. In spread spectrum technology( DSSS), the word chip is used for a spread code sequence. Such a sequence is also called pseudorandom noise( PRN).
    Example of chip sequences for a

    Example of chip sequences for a "0" and a "1" and the sequence to be transmitted

    A chip consists of a sequence of state changes representing a bit. For example, such a chip can have the sequence 10110 and stand for a digital "0", or be 01001 and stand for a digital "1". It is used to transform the original data into the Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS). In WirelessUSB, for example, PRN codes with 32 or 64 chips per bit are used, and the rate at which chips are converted to DSSS signals is specified in chips per second( cps).
  4. In the GPS system, the information elements of the C/A code are called chips. They are transmitted in a pseudo-random sequence. A sequence consists of 1,023 chips and lasts one millisecond. This results in a length of 300 m for each chip at the speed of light.
Informations:
Englisch: chip
Updated at: 08.10.2020
#Words: 282
Links: dice, semiconductor, base material, integrated circuit (IC), identification code (IC)
Translations: DE
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