EnOcean
EnOcean is a battery-free wireless technology developed by Enocean GmbH, Oberhaching, Germany, and has become an important wireless technology for building automation and for use in industrial environments. The interoperability of EnOcean is ensured by the EnOcean Alliance.
EnOcean technology is characterized by extremely low energy consumption and has been standardized under ISO/IEC14543. EnOcean operates battery-free and harvests energy from the environment with micro- energy harvesting, mainly piezoelectric generators and microgenerators. EnOcean wireless sensors are optimized to require a quiescent current of less than 100 nA in standby mode. Energy-autonomous operation has enormous advantages, especially for sensor networks with hundreds or thousands of sensors, because the battery-free sensors require no maintenance. No batteries need to be replaced and system failures caused by unpowered wireless sensors are avoided.
EnOcean technology is used in sensor networks in the Internet of Things( IoT), and also in building automation and industrial switchgear. The data rate is 125 kbit/s, and the bridgeable ranges are between 30 m and 300 m. Due to standardization, EnOcean works with sensors and actuators from different manufacturers.
The basic technology of EnOcean is based on unidirectional radio transmission by means of EnOcean Radio Protocol( ERP) in the frequency range of868 MHz in Europe. EnOcean uses amplitude shift keying( ASK) as modulation technology. Short data telegrams are transmitted using Wireless Short Packet( WSP). To ensure transmission of the data telegrams, the same data telegrams whose duration is less than 1 ms are sent three times in a fixed time pattern. The time interval between the first and second data telegram is 4 ms, the following interval is 8 ms and the third time interval is up to 6 ms.
The user data of the application-specific data telegrams contain the coded user data defined by the equipment profiles, EnOcean Equipment Profiles( EEP).